5 Surprising Facts On Franklins Slave Ownership

Benjamin Franklin, celebrated for his contributions as a scientist, inventor, statesman, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, is often viewed through the lens of enlightenment and revolutionary ideals. However, beneath this renowned image lies a nuanced history concerning his stance on slavery. Here are five surprising facts that shed light on Franklin's complex relationship with the institution of slavery:

Franklin’s Early Views on Slavery

Initially, Franklin displayed attitudes towards slavery that were typical of his era. He owned slaves during various periods of his life—this is well documented. He bought slaves to work in his home and to assist in his print shop. Franklin's early economic ventures, like many of his contemporaries, were supported by the labor of enslaved individuals.

<p class="pro-note">💡 Pro Tip: Although Franklin owned slaves, understanding the historical context is crucial for a comprehensive view of his actions and later transformations.</p>

Franklin’s Shift in Perspective

Over time, Franklin's views on slavery underwent a profound change. By 1758, he had begun to question the morality of slavery, as evidenced by his publication of an essay titled "Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind," where he highlighted the negative demographic impact of slavery on America. This was one of his early writings signaling a shift towards anti-slavery sentiments.

Here are some key points in Franklin’s transformation:

• Print shop responsibilities: Franklin's slaves were not only domestic servants but were also engaged in his printing business, gaining skills and potentially a different view of their worth than in typical plantations.
• Education of enslaved individuals: There are records indicating Franklin's commitment to educating enslaved children in Pennsylvania, although they were often indentured afterward, which was still a form of coerced labor.

Franklin’s Role in Abolitionist Movements

By the late 18th century, Franklin emerged as a prominent figure in the abolitionist movement:

• Founding the Pennsylvania Abolition Society: Franklin served as its president, using his influence to advocate for the abolition of slavery and to promote the welfare of African Americans.
• Petition to Congress: In 1790, Franklin signed the first significant anti-slavery petition to be presented to Congress, reflecting his belief in the immorality of slavery and its contradiction with the principles of the newly founded United States.

A Curious Proposal

One lesser-known aspect of Franklin's anti-slavery efforts was his satirical approach. In 1790, he wrote an essay under the pseudonym "Historicus," titled "Sidi Mehemet Ibrahim on the Slave Trade." In this piece, he satirically argued for the enslavement of Europeans by a fictional African ruler, highlighting the hypocrisy and illogic of the American justifications for slavery.

Franklin’s Final Testament

In his will, Franklin left money to fund schools for free blacks, which reflects his late-life commitment to racial equality. This was an act that directly contrasted with his earlier actions, showing his moral evolution:

• Legacy: Franklin's will supports the education of African Americans in Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, and the State of Pennsylvania.

<p class="pro-note">📝 Pro Tip: Franklin's bequest was one of his ways to atone for his past involvement in slavery, albeit indirectly.</p>

Historical Context

To fully understand Franklin’s relationship with slavery, one must consider the historical context:

• Philadelphia Society: The city of Philadelphia, where Franklin spent much of his life, was a hub for both pro and anti-slavery sentiments, influencing his views over time.
• Economic Reasons: Early in his career, slavery was economically advantageous for Franklin, but as his wealth grew, his reliance on it diminished, allowing for more moral consideration.

Key Takeaways:

• Franklin’s ownership of slaves was typical for his time and place in society.
• His transformation into an ardent abolitionist was remarkable and deserves recognition.
• He used his influence to promote the end of slavery and support African American rights in America.

As we delve into the multifaceted history of Benjamin Franklin, it's imperative to remember that understanding historical figures requires a nuanced approach. We must explore related tutorials to better grasp the complexities of historical figures like Franklin.

<p class="pro-note">💡 Pro Tip: Examining Franklin’s life and works can provide insights not only into his personal evolution but also into the broader historical contexts surrounding slavery and abolition.</p>

<div class="faq-section"> <div class="faq-container"> <div class="faq-item"> <div class="faq-question"> <h3>Did Benjamin Franklin free his slaves?</h3> <span class="faq-toggle">+</span> </div> <div class="faq-answer"> <p>Yes, in his will, Franklin bequeathed funds to support education for free blacks, showing his intent to promote freedom and opportunity.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faq-item"> <div class="faq-question"> <h3>Why did Franklin own slaves despite his enlightenment?</h3> <span class="faq-toggle">+</span> </div> <div class="faq-answer"> <p>Franklin’s initial ownership of slaves was common in his time. His eventual shift in perspective was influenced by various social, economic, and moral considerations.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faq-item"> <div class="faq-question"> <h3>What was Franklin's role in the abolitionist movement?</h3> <span class="faq-toggle">+</span> </div> <div class="faq-answer"> <p>Franklin played a key role by founding the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, leading petitions to Congress, and using his writings to advocate against slavery.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div>